With thousands of years of history spanning the entirety of human existence, England is a country of true wonder. From the hunter-gatherers of the Stone Age to the technologically advanced British society of the modern day, hundreds of fascinating landmarks have been left behind over time, and they now serve as iconic attractions, generating masses of tourism every year. Read on to learn more about England’s iconic attractions and landmarks.
To explore England’s iconic landmarks easily and at your own pace, book a private UK tour to indulge in a bespoke, intimate adventure led by a knowledgeable tour guide dedicated to making your trip unforgettable.
Stone Henge
Stonehenge is a breathtaking Neolithic site on Salisbury Plain that dates back over 5,000 years. Admired for its incredible structure and renowned for its ancient mystery and the wonder it inspires, this famous UNESCO World Heritage Site is widely recognized as one of the most significant prehistoric locations in the world. Situated just over an hour from London, Stonehenge is a conveniently located, well-connected site that makes for an inspiring and fascinating day trip.
People have debated the monument’s mysterious past for thousands of years. Folklore claims Merlin, the famous wizard of Arthurian legend, conjured Stonehenge. The stones were said to have been magically transported from giants in Ireland. Some have speculated that the rocks were placed during the Viking invasions in England. Others have theorized that Stonehenge is the ruins of an ancient Roman temple.
The leading modern-day interpretation is that it is either a holy site or a scientific observatory. Both interpretations are based on the site’s celestial influence, with signs pointing towards the site being used as a megalithic calendar for plotting dates and predicting astronomical events and solar eclipses.
Edinburgh Castle
Presiding proudly at the peak of Castle Rock since the 11th century, Edinburgh Castle is an impressive Scottish landmark with enormous historical significance. It forms part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site for Edinburgh’s Old and New Towns. A visit to Edinburgh Castle invites you to walk in the footsteps of soldiers, monarchs, and even pirates. Overflowing with excitement and intrigue, there is so much to see and do during your visit, including the Great Hall, St Margaret’s Chapel, and the One O’Clock Gun.
For light refreshments or a bite to eat, plenty of spots surround the castle where you can take a pit stop. For a stylish and elegant choice, The Tea Rooms are nestled at the top of the castle in Crown Square. Alternatively, Redcoat Café offers a varied and seasonal menu of hearty dishes and stunning views over Edinburgh.
York Minster
Synonymous with awe and splendor and dating back to the 13th century, the York Minster is renowned for its stunning architectural excellence and importance as the centerpiece of one of England’s most historic cities. It is the largest Gothic cathedral in the UK and arguably the second-largest Gothic cathedral in Northern Europe, making it an excellent place for lovers of France’s Notre Dame, Germany’s Cologne Cathedral, and Italy’s Duomo di Milano.
While in York, consider visiting some of the city’s other exciting attractions. The city has fascinating links to the Romans and, later, the Vikings, a heritage that can be explored in detail through the York Museum Gardens, York’s Roman Bathhouse, and the Jorvik Viking Centre.
In more recent history, York has gained a reputation for chocolate-making, with the origin of the Rowntree’s brand being explorable through York’s Chocolate Story and the home of the family behind Terry’s Chocolate Orange being findable at Goddard’s, a stunning National Trust site on the outskirts of York.
The Roman Baths
Built around 70AD during the early Roman Empire, the Roman Baths are a well-preserved and immense site of extensive Roman ruins. The site also features an interactive museum that transports visitors back to Roman times. Containing 2,000 years’ worth of history, the museum is home to thousands of archaeological finds from pre-Roman and Roman Britain.
Incredibly, the Roman Baths were built on top of the natural hot springs, and the original pipes remain intact. 1,170,000 liters of steaming spring water still fills the bathing site daily, with temperatures reaching up to 46°C.
Tower Bridge
Globally renowned as London’s defining landmark, Tower Bridge is one of the most recognizable bridges in the capital city’s iconic structure. With two massive Gothic towers topped with decorative medieval turrets, elegant light blue bascules, and suspension chains, the bridge is awash with beauty and architectural splendor.
Begin your exploration by climbing the North Tower, leading to the East and West Walkways, offering breathtaking panoramic views of London, including the Shard, St Paul’s Cathedral, and the Tower of London. After taking in the stunning landscapes of London, descend the South Tower before visiting the Engine Rooms, dating back to the Victorian Era, to experience the steam engines that once powered Tower Bridge.
Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament
The Palace of Westminster would be incomplete without the iconic Elizabeth Tower, which stands at the north end of the palace. It houses the Great Clock of Westminster and the Great Bell, famously known as Big Ben.
Featuring fascinating Gothic Revival architecture and overlooking the peaceful River Thames, the Palace of Westminster is home to the UK Houses of Parliament, operating daily as the center of British democracy, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Members of the public can visit the palace and witness the parliamentary proceedings by visiting the public galleries.
Big Ben is a cherished British cultural icon and a symbol of national pride. The tower’s distinctive silhouette and world-famous chime are key elements of British identity. Since the bell rang in 1859, seven monarchs and around 41 prime ministers have served the United Kingdom.
Published by Mark V.